Journal: Nutrition Research and Practice
Article Title: Vaccinium oldhamii fruits improve insulin resistance by inhibiting inflammation in macrophages and adipocytes
doi: 10.4162/nrp.2025.19.6.839
Figure Lengend Snippet: VOW, Vaccinium oldhamii water extract; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; p-ERK, phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; p-JNK, phosphorylated Jun N-terminal kinase; JNK, Jun N-terminal kinase; p-p38, phosphorylated p38; p-IKKα/β, phosphorylated IKKα/β; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; NO, nitric oxide.
Article Snippet: Primary antibodies (phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase [p-ERK, #4370; Cell Signaling Technology; CST, Beverly, MA, USA], extracellular signal-regulated kinase [ERK, #4695; CST], phosphorylated JNK [p-JNK, #9255; CST], JNK [#9252; CST], phosphorylated p38 [p-p38, #4511; CST], p38 [#8690; CST], phosphorylated IKKα/β [p-IKKα/β, #2697; CST], IKKα [#61294; CST], NF-κB [#8242; CST], inducible nitric oxide synthase [iNOS, #13120; CST], cyclooxygenase-2 [COX-2, #4842; CST], glucose transporter type 4 [GLUT4, #2213; CST], phosphorylated AK strain transforming [p-AKT, #9271; CST], Ak strain transforming [AKT, #9272; CST], phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase [p-PI3K, #4228; CST], phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase [PI3K, #4292; CST], phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate [p-IRS (Ser 307), #2381; CST], p-IRS (Tyr 632) [sc-17196; Santa Cruz, Dallas, TX, USA], and insulin receptor substrate [#2382; CST]) overnight with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies (goat anti-rabbit or goat anti-mouse [1:10,000]).
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